Molecule of the Month
January 2025

Assembly Line Polyketide Synthases

Large multienzyme complexes that synthesize diverse small molecules in a stepwise manner.

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3D View:  7S6C

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Irving Geis (1908-1997) was a gifted artist who helped illuminate the field of structural biology with his iconic images. The Geis Digital Archive features many of his illustrations in the context of their molecular structures.

Images used with permission from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (www.hhmi.org). All rights reserved.

Lac Repressor

Deoxyhemoglobin

TATA-Binding Protein (TBP)

Myoglobin

Myoglobin Fold

DPG-Hemoglobin Complex

Carboxypeptidase A

Hemoglobin (1000)

Ribonuclease S

Trypsin

Intermolecular Contacts in Hemoglobin S

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Collagen

Hemoglobin

Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV)

Lysozyme (512)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Cytochrome c

Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase)

Oxyhemoglobin

Crambin

B-DNA

A-DNA

Cytochrome c (unbound)

DNA

Induced Lac Repressor

Lysozyme (488)

Hemoglobin S

Z-DNA

Myohemerythrin

Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA)

The Molecular Landscapes by David S. Goodsell integrate information from structural biology, microscopy and biophysics to simulate detailed views of the molecular structure of living cells.

Illustrations are free for use under a CC-BY-4.0 license

Caulobacter Polar Microdomain

Model of a Mycoplasma Cell

SARS-CoV-2 Fusion

Insulin Release

Casein Micelle and Fat Globule in Milk

Influenza Virus

Cellulose Synthase

Coronavirus Life Cycle

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VegF) Signaling

Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses

Kinetochore

Poliovirus Neutralization

Measles Virus Proteins

CytoSkeleton

Chloroplast

JCVI-syn3A Minimal Cell

Autophagy

Lipid Droplets

Biosites: Muscle

Immunological Synapse

Coronavirus

Blood

HIV Vaccine

Bacteriophage T4 Infection

RecA and DNA

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Ebola Virus

HIV in Blood Plasma

Biosites: Cytoplasm

Insulin Action

Biosites: Nucleus

Abiogenesis

Biosites: Blood Plasma

Myelin

Transfer RNA and Gag Protein

Influenza Vaccine

HIV-Infected Cell

Biosites: Basement Membrane

Escherichia coli

Myoglobin in a Whale Muscle Cell

Mycoplasma mycoides

Zika Virus

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine

Respiratory Droplet

Red Blood Cell Cytoskeleton

Biosites: Red Blood Cell

Escherichia coli Bacterium

Collagen and Extracellular Matrix

SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Antibodies

Phage-based COVID-19 Vaccine