Molecule of the Month
August 2026

Histone Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Complexes

Enzymes that add and remove marks from chromosomes to keep gene regulation in balance

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Irving Geis (1908-1997) was a gifted artist who helped illuminate the field of structural biology with his iconic images. The Geis Digital Archive features many of his illustrations in the context of their molecular structures.

Images used with permission from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (www.hhmi.org). All rights reserved.

Collagen

Crambin

TATA-Binding Protein (TBP)

Intermolecular Contacts in Hemoglobin S

Lac Repressor

Lysozyme (512)

Cytochrome c

Myohemerythrin

Deoxyhemoglobin

Oxyhemoglobin

Hemoglobin (1000)

Lysozyme (488)

Myoglobin

Cytochrome c (unbound)

Hemoglobin

Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV)

Z-DNA

DNA

Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase)

Ribonuclease S

B-DNA

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Carboxypeptidase A

Induced Lac Repressor

DPG-Hemoglobin Complex

Hemoglobin S

Trypsin

A-DNA

Myoglobin Fold

Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA)

The Molecular Landscapes by David S. Goodsell integrate information from structural biology, microscopy and biophysics to simulate detailed views of the molecular structure of living cells.

Illustrations are free for use under a CC-BY-4.0 license

Measles Virus Proteins

Insulin Release

Biosites: Muscle

RecA and DNA

Biosites: Red Blood Cell

Model of a Mycoplasma Cell

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Coronavirus Life Cycle

Chloroplast

Respiratory Droplet

Zika Virus

Biosites: Cytoplasm

Kinetochore

Mycoplasma mycoides

Phage-based COVID-19 Vaccine

Biosites: Basement Membrane

Casein Micelle and Fat Globule in Milk

Biosites: Nucleus

CytoSkeleton

HIV-Infected Cell

Caulobacter Polar Microdomain

Cellulose Synthase

Biosites: Blood Plasma

Collagen and Extracellular Matrix

Myoglobin in a Whale Muscle Cell

HIV in Blood Plasma

Influenza Vaccine

Abiogenesis

Red Blood Cell Cytoskeleton

Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli Bacterium

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VegF) Signaling

Bacteriophage T4 Infection

Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses

SARS-CoV-2 Fusion

HIV Vaccine

Immunological Synapse

Lipid Droplets

Influenza Virus

SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Antibodies

Insulin Action

Ebola Virus

Autophagy

Poliovirus Neutralization

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine

Transfer RNA and Gag Protein

Coronavirus

Blood

Myelin

JCVI-syn3A Minimal Cell